Impompo yehydraulic iguqula amandla oomatshini abe ngamandla oxinzelelo lolwelo ngokuvelisa ukuhamba kwamanzi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-hydraulic motor iguqula amandla oxinzelelo lwendalo ibe ngumsebenzi womatshini. Iimpompo zeHydraulic zifezekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwevolumetric ngenxa yoyilo lwazo olukhethekileyo, zizenza zisebenze ngakumbi ekuveliseni ukuqukuqela kunokuba iimoto zisebenzise oko kuqukuqela kwemveliso yoomatshini.
Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha
- Iimpompo zeHydraulic zihambisa ulwelo ngokuguqula amandla omatshini abe ngumqukuqelo wolwelo.Iinjini zeHydraulicguqula amandla alwelo abe ngumsebenzi womatshini. Ukwazi oku kunceda ukukhetha indawo efanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zamanzi.
- Iipompo kunye neenjini ngamanye amaxesha zinokutshintsha iindima, zibonisa ukuguquguquka kwazo. Obu buchule bunceda ukonga amandla kwiinkqubo ezifana nokuhanjiswa kwe-hydrostatic.
- Iimpompo kunye neenjini zineempembelelo ezahlukeneyo. Iimpompo zijoliseyeka ukuvuza kwamanziukuhamba kakuhle. IiMotor zijolise ekudaleni amandla amaninzi, abizwa ngokuba yi-torque. Khetha iindawo ezisekelwe kwiimfuno zesistim.
Ukufana phakathi kweePumpu zeHydraulic kunye neeMoto
Ukuguqulwa koMsebenzi
Iimpompo zeHydraulic kunye neenjinibabonise ukuguqulwa okukodwa kwimisebenzi yabo. Olu phawu lubavumela ukuba batshintshisane ngeendima phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Njengokuba:
- Iinjini zeHydraulic zinokusebenza njengeempompo xa amandla oomatshini eziqhubela ukuvelisa ukuhamba kwamanzi.
- Ngokukwanjalo, iimpompo zehydraulic zinokusebenza njengeemotor ngokuguqula ukuhamba kolwelo kube ngamandla oomatshini.
- Zombini ezi zixhobo zabelana ngezinto zolwakhiwo, ezinje nge rotors, pistons, kunye neecasings, ezenza oku kutshintshelana.
- Umgaqo wokusebenza wokutshintsha umthamo wokusebenza uququzelela ukukwazi kwabo ukufunxa kunye nokukhupha ioli ngokufanelekileyo.
Oku kuguqulwa kubonakalisa inzuzo kwizicelo ezifuna ukuguqulwa kwamandla e-bidirectional, njengokudluliselwa kwe-hydrostatic.
Imigaqo yokuSebenza ekwabelwana ngayo
Iimpompo ze-Hydraulic kunye neenjini zisebenza kwimigaqo efanayo, zixhomekeke ekutshintsheni umthamo wokusebenza otywiniweyo ukwenza imisebenzi yabo. Le theyibhile ingezantsi iqaqambisa imithetho-siseko ekwabelwana ngayo kunye neempawu zokusebenza:
| Umba | Impompo yeHydraulic | I-Hydraulic Motor |
|---|---|---|
| Umsebenzi | Ukuguqula amandla oomatshini abe ngamandla okwenziwa ngoxinzelelo olukhulu olwenziwa ngamanzi | Ukuguqula amandla okwenziwa ngolwelo olwenziwa ngamanzi abe ngamandla omatshini |
| UMgaqo wokuSebenza | Ixhomekeke ekutshintsheni umthamo womsebenzi otywiniweyo | Ixhomekeke ekutshintsheni umthamo womsebenzi otywiniweyo |
| Ukugqalisela ngobuchule | Ukusebenza kweVolumetric | Ukusebenza kakuhle koomatshini |
| Iimpawu zesantya | Isebenza kwisantya esiphezulu esizinzileyo | Isebenza kuluhlu olubanzi lwezantya, ngokuqhelekileyo isantya esiphantsi |
| Iimpawu zoxinzelelo | Ihambisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngesantya esilinganiselweyo | Ifikelela kuxinzelelo oluphezulu kwisantya esisezantsi okanye esinguziro |
| Isalathiso sokuHamba | Idla ngokuba nesalathiso esisisigxina sokujikeleza | Isoloko ifuna umkhomba-ndlela ojikelezayo |
| Ukuhlohla | Ngokuqhelekileyo inesiseko, akukho mthwalo wecala kwi-drive shaft | Ingathwala umthwalo weradial ukusuka kumalungu aqhotyoshelweyo |
| Ukwahluka kobushushu | Ifumana utshintsho olucothayo lobushushu | Ingafumana utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lobushushu |
Zombini izixhobo zixhomekeke kwi-fluid dynamics kunye noxinzelelo lokutshintsha ukufezekisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla. Esi siseko ekwabelwana ngaso siqinisekisa ukuhambelana phakathi kweenkqubo zehydraulic.
Ukungqinelana kwesakhiwo
Iimpompo zeHydraulic kunye neemotor zabelana ngeendlela ezininzi ezifanayo zesakhiwo, ezinegalelo ekusebenzeni kwazo. Ungqamaniso oluphambili lubandakanya:
- Zombini izixhobo zibonakalisa izinto ezifana neesilinda, ipistons, kunye neevalvu, ezilawula ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye noxinzelelo.
- Uyilo lwabo lubandakanya amagumbi avaliweyo ukuququzelela utshintsho kumthamo wokusebenza.
- Izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwazo, ezifana ne-alloys ephezulu, ziqinisekisa ukuhlala phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Oku kungqamana kwesakhiwo kwenza kube lula ukugcinwa kunye nokuphucula ukutshintshiselana kwamalungu, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla kwiinkqubo ze-hydraulic.
Iiyantlukwano eziphambili phakathi kweePumpu zeHydraulic kunye neeMoto
Ukusebenza
Owona mahluko uphambili phakathi kweempompo zehydraulic kunye neemotor ulele ekusebenzeni kwazo. Impompo yehydraulic ivelisa ukuhamba kolwelo ngokuguqula amandla omatshini abe ngamandla oxinzelelo. Oku kuhamba kudala uxinzelelo olufunekayo ukunika amandla iinkqubo zehydraulic. Kwelinye icala, ainjini ye-hydraulicyenza umsebenzi obuya umva. Iguqula amandla olwelo olwenziwa ngamanzi abe ngamandla oomatshini, ivelise intshukumo ejikelezayo okanye yomda wokuqhuba oomatshini.
Umzekelo, kwi-excavator yokwakha, iimpompo ye-hydraulicinika amandla inkqubo ngokuhambisa ulwelo olucinezelekileyo, ngelixa i-hydraulic motor isebenzisa olu lwelo ukujikeleza iingoma okanye ukusebenzisa ingalo. Obu budlelwane buncedisanayo buqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokungenamthungo kweenkqubo zoxinzelelo lwamanzi kuwo wonke amashishini.
Umkhombandlela wokujikeleza
Iimpompo zeHydraulic ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenza kunye nesalathiso esisisigxina sokujikeleza. Uyilo lwabo luqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle xa ujikeleza kwicala elinye, elihambelana nendima yabo ekuveliseni ukuhamba kwamanzi okungaguqukiyo. Ngokwahlukileyo, iinjini zehydraulic zihlala zifuna ukujikeleziswa kwe-bidirectional. Esi sikhundla sibavumela ukuba babuyisele umva intshukumo, eyimfuneko kwizicelo ezifana nokuhanjiswa kwe-hydrostatic okanye iinkqubo zokuqhuba.
Ukukwazi kweenjini zehydraulic ukujikeleza kumacala omabini kukhulisa ukuguquguquka kwazo. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-forklift, i-motor hydraulic ivumela indlela yokuphakamisa ukuhamba phezulu nangaphantsi, iqinisekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo ngexesha lokusebenza.
Ulungelelwaniso lwePort
Ubume bezibuko kwiimpompo ze-hydraulic kunye neenjini zahluke kakhulu ngenxa yendima yazo eyahlukileyo. Iimpompo zeHydraulic ngokubanzi zibonakalisa izibuko zokungena kunye neziphumayo eziyilelwe ukulawula ukungena nokukhutshwa kwamanzi ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokwahlukileyo, iinjini zehydraulic zihlala zibandakanya ulungelelwaniso lwezibuko oluntsonkothileyo ukulungiselela ukuhamba kwe-bidirectional kunye neemfuno zoxinzelelo oluguquguqukayo.
Iimpawu eziphambili zobuchwephesha zibalaselisa lo mahluko:
- Injini ye-H1F, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-compact kunye noyilo oluxineneyo lwamandla, ibonelela ngolungelelwaniso lwezibuko ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya amawele, icala, kunye nendibaniselwano ye-axial. Ezi zikhetho zenza lula ukufakela kunye nokunciphisa iimfuno zendawo kwiinkqubo ze-hydraulic.
- Uyilo oluqhelekileyo lwezibuko lubandakanya i-SAE, i-DIN, kunye noqwalaselo lwe-cartridge flange, ukubonelela ukuguquguquka kwezicelo ezahlukeneyo.
| Umba | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| ISekethe yoomatshini | Ibonisa i-hydraulic equivalent circuit apho i-torque kunye noxinzelelo lwehydraulic ziziphatha ngokulinganayo. |
| Iimeko zoTshintsho | Ichaza ngokuchanekileyo iimeko apho impompo kunye neendima zokutshintsha iimoto kwi-hydrostatic transmission. |
| Iimpawu zePort | Iimpawu ze-A kunye ne-B-port zinceda ukucacisa iziphumo kwisimo esizinzileyo okanye ukulinganisa okuguquguqukayo. |
Olu lungelelwaniso luqinisekisa ukuhambelana kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwiinkqubo ze-hydraulic, okwenza udibaniso olungenamthungo lweempompo kunye neenjini.
Ukusebenza kakuhle
Ukusebenza ngobuchule yenye into ebalulekileyo eyahlula iimpompo zehydraulic kwiimotor. Iimpompo zeHydraulic zibeka phambili ukusebenza kakuhle kwevolumetric, ziqinisekisa ukuvuza okuncinci kolwelo kunye nokuveliswa kokuhamba okungaguqukiyo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iimotor zehydraulic zigxile ekusebenzeni koomatshini, ziphucula uguqulo lwamandla oxinzelelo lwehydraulic kumsebenzi womatshini.
Umzekelo, impompo ye-hydraulic esebenza kumthamo ophezulu we-volumetric inokuhambisa ulwelo olucinezelekileyo kunye nokulahleka kwamandla okuncinci. Ngeli xesha, i-hydraulic motor enokusebenza okuphezulu koomatshini inokwandisa ukuphuma kwetorque, naphantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zomthwalo. Lo mahluko wenza ukuba icandelo ngalinye lifaneleke ngokukodwa kwindima yalo kwi-hydraulic system.
Izantya zokuSebenza
Iimpompo zeHydraulic kunye neenjini zibonisa umahluko obonakalayo kwizantya zabo zokusebenza. Iimpompo zisebenza ngesantya esiphezulu esizinzileyo ukugcina ukuhamba kolwelo okungaguqukiyo. IiMoto, nangona kunjalo, zisebenza kuluhlu olubanzi lwesantya, rhoqo ngesantya esisezantsi, ukulungiselela iimfuno zomthwalo owahlukeneyo.
Idatha yobungqina evela kwimifuniselo elawulwayo ibalaselisa lo mahluko. Uphononongo kwiinkqubo zothumelo lwe-hydrostatic lubonisa ukuba isantya sempompo kunye ne-torque yomthwalo inempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni ngokupheleleyo. Iiparamitha eziphambili, ezifana ne-coefficients yokulahlekelwa, zibonelela ngengqiqo kwiinguqu zokusebenza phakathi kweepompo kunye neenjini. Ezi ziphumo zigxininisa ukubaluleka kokukhetha icandelo elifanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwisantya kunye neemfuno zomthwalo.
Umzekelo, kumatshini wemizi-mveliso, impompo ye-hydraulic inokusebenza ngesantya esingaguqukiyo ukubonelela ngolwelo kwii-activators ezininzi. Ngeli xesha, i-hydraulic motor ihlengahlengisa isantya sayo ukuze ihambelane neemfuno ezithile ze-actuator nganye, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuchanekileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ukuhlelwa kweeMpompo zeHydraulic kunye neeMoto
Iintlobo zeeMpompo zeHydraulic
Iimpompo ze-hydraulic zihlelwe ngokusekelwe kuyilo kunye nemigaqo yokusebenza. Iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zibandakanya iimpompo zegiya, iimpompo ze-vane, kunye neempompo zepiston. Iimpompo zegesi, ezaziwa ngokulula kunye nokuqina kwazo, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo zoshishino. Bahambisa ukuhamba okuzinzileyo kodwa basebenze kwiingcinezelo eziphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo. Iimpompo zeVane, kwelinye icala, zibonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza okuthe cwaka, okubenza bafanelekele izixhobo eziphathwayo kunye neenkqubo zeemoto. Iimpompo zepiston, ezivunyiweyo ngezakhono zazo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, zihlala ziqeshwa koomatshini abanobunzima obufana nezixhobo zokwakha kunye noxinzelelo lwehydraulic.
Umzekelo, iimpompo ze-axial piston zinokufikelela kuxinzelelo olungaphezulu kwe-6000 psi, zizenze zilungele izicelo ezifuna amandla amakhulu. Iimpompo zeRadial piston, kunye noyilo lwazo oludibeneyo, ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu apho indawo ilinganiselwe.
Iintlobo zeeMotor Hydraulic
Iinjini zeHydraulic ziguqula amandla e-hydraulic abe yintshukumo yoomatshini. Ezona ntlobo zintathu ziphambili ziimotor zegiya, i-vane motors, kunye neepiston motors. Iimotor zegiya zixinene kwaye zinendleko, zihlala zisetyenziswa koomatshini bezolimo. Iinjini zeVane zibonelela ngokusebenza kakuhle kwaye zikhethwa kwizicelo ezifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo, olufana neerobhothi.Iinjini zePiston, ezaziwa ngazoi-torque yabo ephezulu, isetyenziswa koomatshini abanzima njengabembi kunye neecranes.
I-hydraulic motor, efana ne-radial piston type, inokuhambisa amanqanaba e-torque angaphezu kwe-10,000 Nm, iyenze ifanelekele imisebenzi enzima. Iinjini ze-Axial piston, kunye namandla azo okufuduka okuguquguqukayo, zibonelela ngokuguquguquka kwisantya kunye nolawulo lwetorque.
Iintlobo ngeentlobo ze-Application-Specific
Iimpompo zeHydraulic kunye neenjini zilungiselelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zokusetyenziswa. Umzekelo, iimpompo zokufuduswa eziguquguqukayo zilungelelanisa amazinga okuhamba ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwiinkqubo ezineemfuno eziguqukayo. Iimpompo zokufuduka ezisisigxina, ngokuchaseneyo, zibonelela ngokuqhubekayo kwaye zilungele iinkqubo ezilula. Ngokukwanjalo, iinjini zehydraulic ziyilwe zineempawu ezithile zosetyenziso. Iimoto ezihamba ngesantya esiphezulu zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa, ngelixa i-low-speed, high-torque motors ziyimfuneko kwii-winches kunye ne-drilling rigs.
Kwishishini le-aerospace, iimpompo ze-hydraulic ezikhaphukhaphu kunye neenjini ziphuhliswa ukunciphisa ubunzima benkqubo ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ukusebenza. Ngokwahlukileyo, izicelo zaselwandle zifuna uyilo olumelana nomhlwa ukuze lumelane nemekobume erhabaxa.
Iimpompo ze-hydraulic kunye neenjini zenza umqolo weenkqubo ze-hydraulic ngokusebenza kunye. Iimpompo zivelisa ukuhamba kwamanzi, ngelixa ii-motor ziguqulela ekubeni yintshukumo yomatshini. Iindima zabo ezihambelanayo zibonakala kwiibenchmarks ezisebenzayo:
| Uhlobo lweMoto | Ukusebenza kakuhle (%) |
|---|---|
| I-Radial Piston | 95 |
| Axial Piston | 90 |
| Vane | 85 |
| Isixhobo | 80 |
| I-Orbital | <80 |
Iimpompo zovandlakanyo lomthwalo zikwaphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kwenkqubo ngokulungelelanisa ukufuduswa ukuze kuhambelane nokuhamba kunye neemfuno zoxinzelelo. Le synergy iqinisekisa ukusebenza ngendlela eyonga amandla kuwo onke amashishini. Ukuqonda le yantlukwano kunceda iingcali ukuba zikhethe amacandelo afanelekileyo okusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo.
FAQ
Yintoni eyona nto isebenzayo kwiimpompo zehydraulic kunye neenjini?
Iipompo ze-Hydraulic zihlala zifezekisa ukusebenza kwe-volumetric ye-85-95%. IiMoto, ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo, zivela kwi-80% (iimoto zegiya) ukuya kwi-95% (ii-radial piston motors). Ukusebenza kuyahluka ngoyilo kunye nokusetyenziswa.
Ngaba iimpompo zehydraulic kunye neemotor zinokutshintshwa kuzo zonke iinkqubo?
Hayi, ayizizo zonke iinkqubo ezivumela ukutshintshiselana. Ngelixa ezinye ziyilo zixhasa ukubuyisela umva, ezinye zifuna ulungelelwaniso oluthile ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza, njengokuqukuqela okungaqhelekanga okanye imida yoxinzelelo.
Izantya zokusebenza zahluke njani phakathi kweempompo kunye neenjini?
Iimpompo zeHydraulic zisebenza kwizantya eziphezulu ezizinzileyo, zihlala zidlula kwi-1500 RPM. IiMoto zisebenza kwizantya eziguquguqukayo, kunye neenjini ezinesantya esisezantsi ezihambisa itorque ephezulu ngaphantsi kwe-100 RPM.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-22-2025