Ibyo abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bakeneye kumenya ku bijyanye n'amategeko agenga ikoranabuhanga rya Hydraulic System HS Codes n'inyandiko za gasutamo

Impamvu Kode ya HS itari yo ishobora gukuba kabiri igihe cyo kwishyura imisoro yawe

Amabwiriza agenga ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga (HS) ni yo shingiro ry'ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga — agena imisoro, ibisabwa mu gutanga impushya, n'uburyo bwo kwemererwa ibicuruzwa.Ku bikoresho bya hydraulic, gushyira mu byiciro ibitari byo birahenze cyane kuko ibikoresho bisa bishobora kunyura mu mategeko atandukanye cyane hamwe n’amabwiriza atandukanye.

Nabonye ibicuruzwa bihagarikwa mu byumweru byinshi kubera ko kontineri irimo ibyuma bya hydraulic winches yari iri mu cyiciro cya 8425.39 (imashini zo mu bwato) aho kuba 8425.11 (ibyuma rusange), ibyo bikaba byarateye uruhare rw'abayobozi bo mu mazi ku buryo bitari ngombwa na gato kuri icyo gicuruzwa. Ku rundi ruhande, nabonye imizigo ikurwa mu byiciro bya 8425.11 yagombaga kuba iri mu cyiciro cya 8412.21 (uburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mazi buhuriweho), bigatuma habaho igenzura nyuma yo kwinjira no gusaba imisoro y'inyongera hamwe n'inyungu.

Ikiguzi cy'amakosa ya kode ya HS kirenze gutinda.Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera imipaka n'ubucuruzi (CBP) cyo muri Amerika gishobora gutanga ibihano bingana n'agaciro k'ibicuruzwa bitewe no gushyira mu byiciro nabi nkana. Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi ushyiraho ibihano hamwe n'ubushobozi bw'ibicuruzwa bitujuje ibisabwa mu gushyira mu byiciro bya CE byihishe inyuma y'amategeko atari yo. Muri Aziya, gushyira mu byiciro nabi kenshi bishobora gutuma habaho uburyo bwo kugenzura mbere yo kwinjira, ibyo bikaba byongera ibyumweru 2-3 kuri buri byoherejwe mu gihe kizaza.

Igisubizo ni cyoroshye: sobanukirwa amategeko agenga ishyirwa mu byiciro, andika neza imiterere y'ibicuruzwa byawe, kandi niba ushidikanya, saba icyemezo cy'amategeko gitangwa n'inzego za gasutamo mbere yo kohereza ibicuruzwa.

Kode za Hydraulic Winch na Hoist HS: 8425.11 vs 8425.39 vs 8412.21

Utwuma tw’amazi dukoresha hydraulic twinjira mu byiciro byinshi by’amakode ya HS — uburyo bukwiye bwo gushyira mu byiciro buterwa n’ibipimo bya tekiniki by’icyo gicuruzwa n’uburyo kigenewe gukoreshwa.Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ni ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane neza imisoro ku misoro.

8425.11 — Crane zo mu muhanda, Portal cyangwa Pedestal Jib Cranes

Kode ya HS 8425.11 ikubiyemo ibyuma byabugenewe nk'ibikoresho rusange byo guterura mu nganda.Ibi birimo:

• Imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi cyangwa hydraulic zo guterura muri rusange
• Ibikoresho byo guterura ibintu bikoreshwa mu ruganda no mu bubiko
• Ibyuma binini byo gutembera ku modoka bifatanye n'uburyo bwo kugenda hejuru y'imodoka
• Utwuma two gukoresha mu bwubatsi

Ibiranga by'ingenzi byo gushyira mu byiciro 8425.11:Igikoresho cyo guterura gicuruzwa nk'ibikoresho byo guterura byihariye, akenshi gifite inyandiko zigaragaza amahame ngenderwaho y'inganda nka ASME B30 cyangwa EN 13157. Igipimo cy'imisoro kiratandukanye bitewe n'igihugu ariko akenshi kiri hagati ya 0-5% mu masezerano menshi y'ubucuruzi.

8425.39 — Imashini zo mu bwato cyangwa mu bwato

Kode ya HS 8425.39 ikubiyemo ibikoresho by’ubwato byakozwe kandi byemejwe by’umwihariko nk’ibikoresho byo mu mazi.Ibi birimo:

• Ibyuma byo gupfunyikamo amato
• Imashini zikoresha insinga
• Ingufu zo gukurura
• Ibyuma bitwara imizigo ku mato
• Ingofero z'uburobyi

Ibiranga by'ingenzi byo gushyira mu byiciro 8425.39:Iki gicuruzwa gifite icyemezo cy’ishyirahamwe ryo gushyira mu byiciro ubwikorezi bw’ubwato (DNV, ABS, Lloyd's, CCS) cyangwa cyakozwe mu buryo bweruye nk'ibikoresho by'ubwato mu nyandiko za tekiniki. Amahame ngenderwaho yerekeye ubwikorezi bw’ubwato nka DNV 2.7-1 cyangwa API Spec 2C ashobora kwitabwaho.

8412.21 — Ihererekanya ry'amazi harimo n'ihererekanya ry'amazi

Kode ya HS 8412.21 ikubiyemo ibikoresho byo kohereza ingufu za hydraulic, harimo n'amapine yashyizwe muri sisitemu yo gutwara ibinyabiziga cyangwa imashini.Ibi birimo:

• Imashini zikoreshwa mu bwubatsi zikozwe mu byuma by'ubwubatsi
• Ibikoresho by'imashini z'ubuhinzi bikozwe mu byuma binini
• Imashini zo kugarura amazi ku modoka

Ibiranga by'ingenzi byo gushyira mu byiciro 8412.21:Uru rukuta rugurishwa nk'igice cy'imodoka cyangwa sisitemu y'imashini, aho urukuta rw'amazi rukoreshwa mu buryo buhuriweho aho kuba ibikoresho byigenga. Inyandiko za tekiniki zigaragaza amahame ngenderwaho y'ibinyabiziga cyangwa imashini aho kuba amahame ngenderwaho y'inganda yo guterura.

Kugereranya Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi

Gushyira mu byiciro bikwiye bisaba guhuza ibipimo bya tekiniki by'ibicuruzwa byawe n'ikoreshwa ryabyo n'ibi byiciro. Iyo porogaramu ishobora guhuza ibyiciro byinshi, shyira mu byiciroikoreshwa ry'ibanzenk'uko byanditswe mu nyemezabuguzi z'ubucuruzi no mu bisobanuro bya tekiniki.

Kode za Hydraulic Moteri na Transmission HS: 8413.60 vs 8412.29

Moteri za hydraulic ni kimwe mu byiciro by'ibicuruzwa bikunze gushyirwa mu byiciro bitari byo mu bucuruzi bw'inganda.Itandukaniro riri hagati ya 8413.60 na 8412.29 rigena niba ibicuruzwa byawe bihita bisohoka cyangwa bigatera igenzura rya gasutamo.

8413.60 — Izindi moteri z'amashanyarazi zizunguruka na moteri

Kode ya HS 8413.60 ni yo ishyirwa mu byiciro ry'ibanze rya moteri z'inganda zikoresha amazi.Ibi birimo:

• Moteri za piston zikoreshwa mu nganda zikoresha hydraulic
• Moteri za vane za hydraulic
• Moteri za hydraulic zo mu bwoko bwa gear
• Moteri z'amapine y'amazi zikoreshwa mu modoka zo mu nganda
• Amateraniro yuzuye ya moteri z'amazi

Ibiranga by'ingenzi byo gushyira mu byiciro 8413.60:Moteri igurishwa nk'igice cyigenga cyangwa nk'igice cy'imashini z'inganda. Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki byerekeza ku mahame ngenderwaho ya sisitemu ya hydraulic (ISO 4409, SAE J746) aho kuba amahame ngenderwaho ya drivetrain y'imodoka. Urupapuro rw'amakuru ya tekiniki ya moteri rugaragaza ibipimo by'umuvuduko n'umuvuduko bisanzwe muri sisitemu ya hydraulic y'inganda.

8412.29 — Izindi moteri z'amashanyarazi na moteri za Hydraulic ku binyabiziga

Kode ya HS 8412.29 ikubiyemo moteri za hydraulic zagenewe by'umwihariko ibikoresho byo gutwara ibinyabiziga.Ibi birimo:

• Moteri z'amazi zikoreshwa mu gutwara imodoka
• Moteri zikoresha amazi ku modoka
• Moteri zifasha mu by'amazi zikoreshwa mu modoka ziremereye

Ibiranga by'ingenzi byo gushyira mu byiciro 8412.29:Moteri igurishwa ku buryo bweruye nk'igice cya sisitemu yo gutwara imodoka. Inyandiko za tekiniki zigaragaza amahame ngenderwaho y'ibinyabiziga (SAE, amahame ngenderwaho ya ISO) kandi zikerekana ko bihujwe na sisitemu yo gutwara imodoka. Iki gicuruzwa cyamamazwa nk'igice cy'ibinyabiziga aho kuba igice cy'inganda.

Gahunda y'ibyemezo byo gushyira mu byiciro

Koresha iki kizamini cy'ibibazo bitatu kugira ngo umenye neza ishyirwa mu byiciro:

1. Q1: Ese moteri igurishwa nk'igice cy'imodoka?Niba ari yego → 8412.29. Niba ari oya → komeza kuri Q2.
2. Q2: Ese inyandiko za tekiniki zigaragaza amahame ngenderwaho y'ibinyabiziga?Niba ari yego → 8412.29. Niba ari oya → komeza kuri Q3.
3. Q3: Ese umuvuduko/urujya n'uruza rwa moteri ruri mu ntera ya hydraulic y'inganda (kugeza kuri bar 350, urujya n'uruza rusanzwe rw'inganda)?Niba ari yego → 8413.60.

Ubusanzwe urujijo ruvuka kuri moteri zikoresha moteri ebyiri.Iyo moteri ishobora gukoreshwa muri buri porogaramu, shyira mu byiciro ukurikijeikoreshwa ry'ibanze rigaragazwa mu nyandiko z'ubucuruzi bw'ibicuruzwaMoteri igurishwa ifite inyandiko z'imashini z'inganda ikoresha 8413.60; imwe igurishwa ifite inyandiko z'imikorere y'imodoka ikoresha 8412.29.

Kode ya HS y'Ishami ry'Ingufu rya Hydraulic: 8413.60 cyangwa Ubwoko bwa Sisitemu Yihariye?

Ibikoresho by'ingufu bya Hydraulic (HPU) — ibyuma byuzuye birimo pompe, moteri, ikigega cy'amazi, na valve yo kugenzura — bisaba gushyira mu byiciro witonze hashingiwe ku buhanga bwabyo.

Ingufu zuzuye za Hydraulic — 8413.60

HPU zuzuye zifite pompe na moteri zihujwe mu itsinda rimwe zikunze gushyirwa mu byiciro biri munsi ya 8413.60iyo bigurishijwe nk'isoko ry'amashanyarazi yuzuye ya hydraulic ku mashini z'inganda. Iteraniro ryuzuye rifatwa nk'"moteri y'amashanyarazi ya hydraulic" mu rwego rwa HS.

Ibyiciro by'ingenzi birimo:

• 8413.60.00 — Imashini zuzuye z'amashanyarazi zifite pompe na moteri
• 8413.70 — Pompe za Hydraulic (iyo zitumijwe ukwazo)

Gushyira mu byiciro sisitemu yihariye — Igihe cyo gusuzuma andi makode

Imiterere imwe n'imwe ya HPU ishobora gusaba ubundi buryo bwo gushyira mu byiciro:

• 8471.41/8471.49 — Ibikoresho byo kugenzura bifite ibyuma bigenzura bishobora gushyirwa mu bikorwaaho agaciro k'ibanze ka HPU kari muri sisitemu yayo yo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga aho kuba imikorere ya hydraulic
• 8481.80 — Assemblies za valveaho HPU ari ahantu hanini ho gushyiramo valve ifite ingufu nke za hydraulic
• 9032.89 — Ibikoresho bigenzura cyangwa bigenzura byikoraku buryo bugezweho bwo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga muri HPU

Reba ku rupapuro rwoseIbipimo bya sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi ya hydraulicuvuye muri Yining Hydraulic kugira ngo umenye ibisobanuro birambuye bya tekiniki.

Urutonde rwuzuye rw'inyandiko: Icyo Gasutamo ishaka kubona mu by'ukuri

Buri koherezwa ry'ibikoresho bya hydraulic bisaba ipaki yihariye y'inyandiko - kubura inyandiko iyo ari yo yose byongera igihe cyo kubireka.Dore icyo inzego za gasutamo zikeneye.

Inyandiko z'ingenzi ku masoko yose

• Inyemezabuguzi y'ubucuruzi (nibura kopi 3)— Igomba kwerekana: amazina y'umugurisha/umuguzi n'aderesi, ibisobanuro by'igicuruzwa birimo kode za HS, ingano, agaciro k'ibicuruzwa, agaciro kose, amasezerano yo kwishyura, Incoterm (FOB, CIF, nibindi), igihugu cy'inkomoko
• Urutonde rw'ibipakiye (nibura kopi 3)— Bigomba kwerekana: ibikubiye mu ipaki, ingano, uburemere rusange/ubwuzu, amanota n'imibare ijyanye n'izindi nyandiko
• Inyemezabwishyu y'imodoka zitwara imizigo / Ikarita y'indege— Umwimerere cyangwa kopi nk'uko bisabwa na Incoterm
• Icyemezo cy'inkomoko (Ifishi A, EUR.1, cyangwa bingana nayo)— Birasabwa ku misoro yihariye hakurikijwe amasezerano y'ubucuruzi
• Ibisobanuro by'ibicuruzwa bya tekiniki— Ibisobanuro by'uruganda bigaragaza imiterere y'ibicuruzwa kugira ngo harebwe ishyirwa mu byiciro bya HS

Ibisabwa ku isoko

• Amerika: Uruhushya rwo kwinjiza ibicuruzwa mu gihugu(ku bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe), imenyesha rya FDA (niba ari ibiryo cyangwa kwa muganga), icyemezo cya EPA (niba ari imyuka irimo fluorine)
• EU: Itangazo ry'Uburyo bwo Gukurikiza Amategeko agenga Ubwishingizi bw'Amategekohamwe n'amabwiriza akurikizwa (Imashini 2006/42/EC, Umuvuduko Muke 2014/35/EU nkuko bireba), Itangazo ry'Imikorere (niba ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi)
• Ubushinwa: Icyemezo cya CCCku bicuruzwa biri mu kataloge y’impamyabushobozi itegetswe, kwandikisha amasezerano yo gutumizwa mu gihugu

Uburyo bwiza bwo kwandika inyandiko

Imyitozo itatu itandukanye n'ibicuruzwa bihita bikurwa mu modoka n'ibifatiwe:

1. Huza kode za HS mu nyandiko zose.Inyemezabuguzi y'ubucuruzi, urutonde rw'ibipakiye, n'imenyekanisha rya gasutamo bigomba kugaragaza kode zimwe. Kutahuza ibintu bituma hahita hasuzumwa.
2. Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki bigomba guhuza n'impamvu zo gushyira mu byiciro.Niba usaba 8425.39 (ibikoresho byo mu mazi), ibisobanuro bigomba kuba byerekeza ku bipimo ngenderwaho n'ibyemezo by'amazi yo mu mazi.
3. Imenyekanisha ry'agaciro rigomba kwirengagizwa.Koresha agaciro k'ubucuruzi (igiciro nyacyo cyo kugurisha) keretse niba hari igurisha ridafite aho rihuriye. Itegure kwemeza agaciro kabyo niba rigenzuwe.

Impinduka zishingiye ku isoko: Itandukaniro ry'inyandiko zitumizwa mu mahanga muri Amerika, EU na Aziya

Buri soko rikuru rifite ibyangombwa byihariye bigomba kubahirizwa kugira ngo harebwe uburenganzira.Gusobanukirwa izi tandukaniro birinda gutinda gutwara amafaranga menshi mu gihe cyo kuhagera.

Ibisabwa mu gutumiza ibicuruzwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika

Gasutamo zo muri Amerika (CBP) zishyira mu bikorwa amahame agenga inyandiko binyuze muri sisitemu ya ACE (Automated Commercial Environment).

• Itangazo rya HTS ni itegeko igihe winjira— Buri kintu cyose kigomba kugira kode ya HTS ifite imibare 10
• Itangazo ry'ibanze ku bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe— Bishobora gukurikizwa niba ibikoresho bya hydraulic bifite ibice biva mu bihugu bigengwa n'imisoro ya 301
• Ibisabwa ku mpapuro z'ingwate— Ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga akenshi bisaba ingwate ya gasutamo
• Imenyesha rya FDA / USDA— Niba ibikoresho bishobora gukora ku biribwa cyangwa ku bikomoka ku buhinzi
• Ibande kuri kode za USITC HTS— ImbonerahamweUSITC HTSku makode yemewe ya Amerika

Ibisabwa n'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi mu gutumizwa mu mahanga

Gasutamo z’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi zikorera binyuze muri NCTS (Sisitemu Nshya y’Ubucuruzi bw’Abakozi) hamwe n’andi makode y’inyongera ya TARIC.

• Kode za TARIC zirakenewe— Ongeraho imibare ya 4 n'iya 5 ku makode asanzwe ya HS
• Itegeko ryo gushyira ikimenyetso cya CE ku isoko— Imashini nyinshi zikoresha amazi zikenera itangazo rya CE hakurikijwe amabwiriza y’imashini 2006/42/EC
• Nimero ya EORI— Kwiyandikisha mu bukungu birakenewe ku bicuruzwa by’i Burayi bitumizwa mu mahanga
• Imenyekanisha ry'agaciro ka gasutamo— Igomba kuba irimo ikiguzi cyo gutwara abantu kugera ku mupaka wa EU hakurikijwe agaciro k'ibikorwa byahinduwe
• Icyitonderwa cy'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi (EU TARIC)— Ububiko bwemewe bwa TARIC buraboneka kuriTARIC y'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi

Ihindagurika ry'Isoko ry'Aziya

Amasoko akomeye yo muri Aziya afite ibisabwa byihariye:

• Ubushinwa: Icyemezo cya CCC (Icyemezo cy'Ubushinwa gitegetswe)ku bicuruzwa biri mu kataloge itegetswe, ifishi yo kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa byinjira mu gihugu irakenewe
• Ubuyapani: Icyemezo cya JISbishobora gusabwa ku bikoresho by'amazi byo mu nganda, Gasutamo y'Ubuyapani isaba imiterere yihariye y'inyandiko
• Koreya y'Epfo: Icyemezo cya KC(Impamyabumenyi ya Koreya) irakenewe ku bicuruzwa by'imashini, sisitemu yo gutangaza imisoro ya KCS
• Singapuru: Kwiyandikisha muri Singapuru mu mpeshyi(ku bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bigenzurwa), gasutamo yoroshywe binyuze muri TradeNet

Incamake y'igereranya

Kugira ngo ubone amakuru arambuye ku bipimo bya sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi ya hydraulic, suraYining Hydraulic hydraulic sitasiyoKubijyanye n'ibipimo by'urukuta rwa hydraulic, suraYining Hydraulic winches.