Ibimenyetso 5 byerekana ko sisitemu yawe ya Hydraulic Winch ikeneye gusimburwa vuba (Si ugusana gusa)

TL; DR

• Ikimenyetso cya 1:Umwanda wa peteroli y'amazi urenze amabwiriza y'isuku ya NAS 1638 / ISO 4406, kandi serivisi zisanzwe ntizishobora gukosora umwanda wose.
• Ikimenyetso cya 2:Guhindura moteri byagabanutseho ibirenze 5% ugereranije n'ibyagenwe.
• Ikimenyetso cya 3:Kwangirika kwa sisitemu ya feri bituma imashini ikora nabi mu gupima ubushobozi bwo kuyifata.
• Ikimenyetso cya 4:Guhinduranya ingoma bitera kugaragara ko umugozi umeze nabi ndetse no kuzunguruka ku buryo butaringaniye.
• Ikimenyetso cya 5:Igihe cyo gusubiza valve yo kugenzura kirenze milisegonda 200 mu bikorwa by'ingenzi.
• Itegeko ry'icyemezo:Iyo ikiguzi cyo gusana kirenze 40% by'ikiguzi cyo gusimbuza, gusimbuza akenshi ni cyo cyemezo cy'igihe kirekire gitekanye.

1. Umutego wa "Gusana Ikindi Gishya"

Reka nkubwire ikiganiro nagiranye umwaka ushize n'umukapiteni w'ubwato i Rotterdam. Abakozi be bo mu bwato bari barimo basana ubwo bwato.icyuma gifunga icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazisisitemu mu gihe cy'amezi cumi n'umunani. Ihinduka ry'amavuta buri byumweru bitatu. Imashini nshya ifunga pompe buri gihembwe. Gushyiramo kabiri byihutirwa kugira ngo moteri ivugururwe. Amafaranga yose yo gusana yari amaze kurenga ayo sisitemu nshya yari gutwara, kandi yari akibaza niba twakongera "kubikora rimwe gusa."

Namubwiye mu bwitonzi ko oya. Si ukubera ko tutashakaga ubucuruzi, ahubwo ni ukubera ko gukomeza muri iyo nzira byari ukwirengagiza kw'umwuga. Moteri ye ya hydraulic yari yagabanutseho 15% munsi y'ibyagenwe, nk'uko ikimenyetso cya 2 gisobanutse gisobanurwa hepfo. Sisitemu ye ya feri yagaragazaga kwangirika gushingiye ku gusaza. Valve ze zo kugenzura zagaragazaga gutinda gusubiza ibintu mu buryo butunguranye, ibyo bikaba byateza akaga mu gihe cy'impanuka.

Iyi ni yo nyita "Umutego wo Gusana Gusana": imitekerereze ishukashuka ivuga ngo "Twamaze gushora imari nyinshi, bityo twakomeza." Ni kimwe mu by'imari bingana no gukoresha amafaranga meza nyuma y'ibibi. Mu bunararibonye bwanjye, ntabwo ari amafaranga gusa. Ni iby'ibyiringiro. Nizeye ko gusana gukurikiraho kuzaba kwa nyuma. Nizeye ko sisitemu "izagaruka." Ariko ibyiringiro si ingamba zo gukoresha amazi.

Umutego urakora kuko gusana buri kimwe gisa n'aho gikwiye mu buryo bwihariye: amadorari amagana make ku byuma bifunga, igihumbi ku giciro cyo gusimbuza amavuta, ibihumbi bibiri ku giciro cyo gukoresha moteri. Ariko mu mezi cumi n'umunani, ushobora gukoresha 200% by'ikiguzi cyo gusimbuza ariko ugakomeza gukoresha sisitemu idafite akamaro.

Dore icyo nize mu kureba uko ibi bintu amagana bigenda: gufata icyemezo cyo gusimbuza si ukureka ibikoresho, ahubwo ni ukumenya igihe ikiguzi cyose cyo gutunga cyarenze urugero rutuma gusimbuza ari amahitamo afatika.

2. Ikimenyetso cya 1: Kwanduzwa kw'amavuta ya hidrosiki birenze serivisi zisanzwe

Kwanduza amavuta ya hydraulic ni uburyo bukunze kugaragara bwo gucika intege mu buryo bw'ibyuma bifunga, kandi ni kimwe mu bintu bitavugwaho neza. Buri buryo bwa hydraulic buhinduka ubwandu uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ibyo ni fiziki. Ariko hari itandukaniro rikomeye hagati y'ubwandu busubiza serivisi n'ubwandu bwabaye rusange.

Igipimo cy'ingenzi gikunze gusuzumwa hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho nka NAS 1638 na ISO 4406. Byombi bifasha mu gushyira mu byiciro umubare n'ingano y'uduce turi mu mazi ya hydraulic. Sisitemu nyinshi za hydraulic zagenewe gukora hafi ya NAS 1638 Class 8 cyangwa irenga, bitewe n'ibyo uruganda rusaba n'aho rukorera.

Iyo icyitegererezo cy'amavuta gikomeje kugaragaza isuku nke nyuma yo guhindura amavuta burundu no gusimbuza akayunguruzo, ntabwo uba ureba uburyo busanzwe bwo kwangirika. Birashoboka ko uba ureba uburyo bwo kwanduza imbere. Inkomoko ishobora kuba ibice byashaje bitakaza ibikoresho, ubuso bwangiritse, cyangwa inzira yo kwangirika isohora imyanda vuba kurusha uko kuyungurura bishobora kuyikuraho.

Ikizamini cyo Kwanduza mu Buryo Bufatika

1. Hindura amavuta ya hydraulic.
2. Simbuza amafiriti yose.
3. Koresha sisitemu mu gihe cy'amasaha agera ku 100 yo gukora.
4. Fata icyitegererezo gishya cy'amavuta hanyuma ugereranye ibyavuye mu isuku n'ikode isabwa.

Iyo umwanda ugarutse ku rugero rubi, ntabwo uzaba uhura n'ikibazo cyo kuvura buri gihe. Uzaba uhura n'uburyo butuma umwanda utera imbere. Nta serivisi isanzwe na imwe izakemura icyo kibazo.

Nabonye aho ingano y’ubwandu yari ikomeye cyane ku buryo amavuta mashya yahindukaga umwirare mu masaha 20 yo gukora. Muri ibyo bihe, gukomeza gukora ntibyari ingirakamaro gusa. Byangizaga sisitemu cyane. Buri ruziga rwazengurukaga ibice byinshi by’icyuma binyuze mu muyoboro wa hydraulic kandi byihutisha kwangirika kw’ibice byimuka.

3. Ikimenyetso cya 2: Gutembera kw'imodoka

Moteri za Hydraulic zifite aho zijya: ingano y'amazi zigenda kuri buri muzunguruko. Ibi bipimirwa muri mililitiro kuri buri muzunguruko (mL/rev) cyangwa santimetero cubic kuri buri muzunguruko (in³/rev). Iyo uguze IYM Series anchor winch, moteri igenewe gutanga aho zijya muri buri muzunguruko.

Guhindagurika kw'imashini bivuze ko moteri igenda ihinduka buhoro buhoro ikava ku bipimo byayo. Ibi bibaho iyo ibice by'imbere bisaza. Ibyuma bifunga bigabanuka. Inkuta za pistoni n'izifite silinda zirashira. Amavali ahagarika kuziba neza. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, moteri ntishobora kugenda amazi menshi kuri buri ruziga nk'uko yagenewe kugenda.

Guhindagurika kwa 2–3% bishobora kugabanuka mu buryo busanzwe bwo kwangirika, bitewe n'uburyo sisitemu yakoreshejwe n'amateka yayo. Ariko iyo guhindagurika birengeje 5% ugereranije n'ibyari bisanzwe, sisitemu iba yarenze urugero rukomeye. Moteri igomba gukora cyane kugira ngo itange umusaruro umwe. Ibyo bitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi, bikihutisha kwangirika, bigatuma habaho guhindagurika cyane. Biba umuyoboro wiyongera wo kwangirika.

Uburyo bwo gupima aho moteri inyura

Ubusanzwe iki gipimo gisaba ko hashyirwa icyuma gipima amazi mu ruziga rwa hydraulic. Itsinda rishinzwe serivisi ripima umuvuduko nyawo w’amazi ku gitutu cyagenwe na RPM, hanyuma rigereranya icyo gisubizo n’imiterere ya moteri. Ibigo byinshi by’ikoranabuhanga bizwi nka hydraulic services bishobora gukora iki gipimo mu rwego rwo hejuru.

Uko nabibonye, ​​guhindagurika kwa moteri birenga 5% hafi ya byose bifitanye isano n'ubundi buryo bwo kwangirika. Uburyo bumwe bwo kwangirika butuma habaho guhindagurika kw'imodoka bugira ingaruka ku byuma by'imbere, amaberari, n'aho bifungira. Nubwo wasimbuza moteri gusa, ibindi bice bya sisitemu bishobora kuba bimaze kugaragaza ibibazo bisa n'iby'izabukuru. Niyo mpamvu guhindagurika kw'imodoka akenshi bigaragaza ko gusimbuza sisitemu yuzuye bifite ishingiro kuruta gusana ibice by'iyi sisteme.

4. Ikimenyetso cya 3: Kwangirika kwa sisitemu ya feri mu bihe byihutirwa

Sisitemu ya feri iri ku cyuma gifata feri si ibikoresho by'ingenzi. Ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'umutekano. Mu buryo bwo gufunga byihutirwa, nko gutandukanya umurongo, guhinduka k'ikirere gitunguranye, cyangwa mu gihe cyo kwihuta bisaba gufata vuba, feri ni yo ihagarika feri gusohoka mu ngoma ikajya mu mazi. Ikirenzeho, ifasha gufata ubwato mu mwanya wabwo mu gihe ibintu birushaho kuba bibi.

Kwangirika kwa sisitemu ya feri ni akaga cyane kuko akenshi bigenda bucece. Feri ishobora kuguma mu gihe cy'umutwaro usanzwe. Ishobora gutsinda ikizamini cy'ibanze cy'imikorere ku cyambu. Ariko iyo umutwaro w'ingufu uturutse ku kugwa mu buryo bwihutirwa cyangwa ikaguma mu gihe cy'ikirere kibi, ishobora kwangirika.

Amashyirahamwe yo gushyira mu byiciro DNV, CCS, na BV yose afite ibisabwa byihariye kugira ngo akoreshwe mu gushyira mu byicirosisitemu ya feri y'urukutaIbi bisabwa akenshi bigena ubushobozi buke bwo gufata feri n'ibipimo byo gupima. Iyo sisitemu ya feri idashobora kuzuza ubushobozi bukenewe bwo gufata feri, ntabwo igomba gufatwa nk'ikibazo gito cyo kuyibungabunga.

Dore icyo mbwira abakapiteni n'abayobozi b'amato: gerageza feri yawe mu bihe nyabyo, ntabwo ari imiterere y'aho ubwato buherereye gusa. Ibyo bivuze ko ugomba gupima umutwaro ukwiye wo gukora, ukagerageza ubushobozi bwo gusimbuka aho bikenewe, kandi ukagerageza ubushobozi bwo gufata umutwaro ukurikije imitwaro ubwato bwawe bubona mu gihe bukora.

Nagize uruhare mu isesengura rya nyuma y’ibyabaye aho gucika intege kw’iferi byagize uruhare mu igeragezwa. Muri buri kibazo, feri yari “yatsinze” ibizamini byabanje, ariko ibyo bizamini ntibyari bigaragaza imiterere nyayo y’imikorere. Ntureke ngo umutekano wawe ushingirwe ku kizamini kidagaragaza uko ibikoresho bikoreshwa koko.

Niba sisitemu yawe ya feri yananiwe gukora ibizamini by'ubushobozi, cyangwa niba kwangirika kwayo kugatuma igenda icika intege, icyo ni ikimenyetso cya 3. Feri ishobora gusimburwa nk'igice, ariko feri yangiritse akenshi ifitanye isano no kwangirika kwa sisitemu kwagutse. Muri icyo gihe, suzuma sisitemu yose uko yakabaye.

5. Ikimenyetso cya 4: Guhinduranya ingoma bitera ububobere bw'umugozi n'ingaruka z'umutekano

Guhuza ingoma akenshi byirengagizwa kugeza igihe bibaye ikibazo kigaragara. Guhuza neza bivuze ko umugozi uzunguruka ku ngoma neza, buri gipfunyika gihagaze neza iruhande rw'icyabanje. Iyo uburyo bwo guhuza ingoma buhindutse bitewe n'uko amapine yangiritse, umunaniro w'imiterere y'inzu, cyangwa ibibazo by'urufatiro, umugozi ntuba ukizunguruka neza.

Ikimenyetso kigaragara ni umugozi uhuha: umugozi ukurura umugozi, umupfundikizo wabanje, cyangwa amaboko y'ubuyobozi iyo uhuha. Iki ni ikibazo kirenze ubushobozi. Ni ikibazo cy'umutekano. Umugozi uhuha uri munsi y'umutwaro ushobora gutandukana mu buryo butunguranye, kandi umugozi uhuha mu gihe cyo gufunga ushobora kuba akaga gakomeye.

Igenzura ryoroshye ry'amaso

Reba neza umugozi uko ugenda ugana ku ngoma. Reba imigozi itatu kugeza kuri itanu yuzuye hanyuma urebe ibi bikurikira:

• Ese umugozi uba wicaye neza mu mwobo?
• Ese yimukira yerekeza ku flange imwe?
• Ese inyura hejuru y'aho yapfunyitse mbere igashyiraho umwirondoro w'intambwe?
• Ese iravuza urusaku cyangwa irasimbuka iva mu mwanya ijya mu wundi?

Iyo ubonye kimwe muri ibi bibazo, ugomba guhindura uburyo umubiri uhagaze. Mu ntangiriro, ibi bishobora gukosorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo guhindura uburyo umubiri uhagaze cyangwa guhindura uburyo uhagaze. Ariko ikibazo cy'ingenzi ni ukumenya niba uri kuvura ikimenyetso cyangwa ukemura impamvu nyamukuru.

Impamvu zikunze gutera guhindagurika kw'ingoma

• Kwambara kw'amabere:Ibyuma bifasha umugozi w'ingoma gusaza uko igihe kigenda gihita, bigatuma umukino utera imbere.
• Ibibazo by'Umuryango:Ubuso bw'aho bashyira ku ibaraza bushobora kwangirika, kuzunguruka, cyangwa kunanirwa nyuma y'imyaka myinshi y'imizigo izenguruka.
• Umunaniro mu miterere y'umubiri:Iteraniro ry'ingoma rishobora kugira umunaniro cyangwa guhinduka.

Iyo ihinduka ry’imiterere y’icyuma riterwa no kwangirika kw’icyuma gishobora gukosorwa no gusimburwa, gusana bishobora kuba byiza. Ariko iyo urufatiro rwangiritse cyangwa icyuma cy’imashini gifite umunaniro mu miterere y’icyuma, ikibazo kiba gikomeye kurushaho. Muri ibyo bihe, ibibazo byo guhuza imiterere y’icyuma akenshi bifitanye isano n’ibindi bimenyetso by’uko sisitemu yangiritse.

6. Ikimenyetso cya 5: Kugabanuka k'igisubizo cya Valve yo kugenzura mu bihe bikomeye

Valve zo kugenzura ni sisitemu y'imitsi y'icyuma gifata amazi cya hydraulic. Ziyobora amazi ya hydraulic ku bice bikwiye mu gihe gikwiye. Iyo umukozi atangije igikorwa nko kuzamura, kugabanya, cyangwa kwishyura, valve irasubiza, amazi arasohoka, maze sisitemu igakora.

Mu bikorwa bisanzwe, gutinda gusubiza kwa milisegonda 100–150 bishobora kuba biri mu bipimo byagenwe, bitewe n'imiterere ya sisitemu. Umukoresha ashobora kubyumva nabi. Ikibazo ni uko gutinda gusubiza bikunze kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ibyuma by'imbere bya valve birasaza. Ibyuma bitanga imbaraga nke. Amazi ya hydraulic ntakora neza mu kohereza imbaraga uko ashyuha kandi akangirika. Ingaruka ni uko sisitemu yo kugenzura igenda irushaho gutinda gusubiza.

Igipimo cy’akaga gashoboka ni nko muri milisegonda 200. Muri icyo gihe, icyahoze gisa n’aho ari ubukererwe busanzwe gishobora gutinda kugaragara. Ikirenzeho, mu gihe cy’impanuka aho hakenewe ubufasha bwihuse, igisubizo cyatinze gishobora gutuma insinga igwa kure kuruta uko byari byitezwe cyangwa feri igahita ikora bitinze.

ISO 4565 ikunze gukoreshwa ku indorerwamo z'inyuma n'ibisabwa ku bikoresho bifitanye isano. Nubwo igihe nyacyo cyo gusubiza valve gikunze kugenwa n'uwakoze sisitemu, sisitemu yo kugenzura iracyakeneye gutanga igisubizo gihagije ku bikorwa byagenwe. Bihagije bivuze ko igomba kuzuza ibisabwa n'imikorere y'ubwato mu gihe bukora neza.

Uburyo bwo gupima igihe Valve irangirira

Shyiramo transducer y'umuvuduko iri hepfo ya valve igenzura. Pima igihe kiri hagati y'aho umukozi yinjira n'ikimenyetso cy'umuvuduko kigera kuri actuator. Gereranya ibisubizo n'ibipimo bya sisitemu. Niba igisubizo gihora kirenga hafi milisegonda 200, gutinda bigomba gufatwa nk'ikimenyetso gikomeye cyo kuburira.

Mu bunararibonye bwanjye, gutinda kwa valve yo kugenzura ntibikunze kubaho mu buryo bwihariye. Valve igaragaza gutinda gukomeye kwa valve akenshi bifitanye isano n'umwanda ugira ingaruka ku mikorere ya spool, kwangirika kwa moteri kugabanya ubushobozi bwo gukora neza, cyangwa kwangirika gushingiye ku myaka mu miyoboro ya hydraulic. Akenshi ni ikimenyetso cy'urwego rwa sisitemu, ntabwo ari igisubizo cy'urwego rw'ibice gusa.

7. Isuzuma ry'Ibiciro byo Gusimbuza Ugereranije n'Isana: Isesengura ry'Ikiguzi cyose

Nyuma y'imyaka makumyabiri, dore uburyo nkoresha iyo umukiriya ambaza niba agomba gusana cyangwa gusimbuza. Ndabisangiza atari uko buri gihe bituma umuntu asimbuza. Hari igihe imibare ishyigikira gusana. Ndabisangiza kuko ibyemezo byinshi byo gusana bifatwa nta makuru yuzuye.

Dore itegeko ryoroshye ryo gufata icyemezo: niba ikiguzi cyo gusana kirenze 40% by'ikiguzi cyo gusimbuza, gusimbuza akenshi ni cyo cyemezo cyiza. Iki gipimo cya 40% kigena itandukaniro ry'ubuzima bw'inyubako, ikiguzi cy'abakozi uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibyago byo gusana byihutirwa, n'agaciro gasigaye.

Nabonye imibare ikora neza mu gusana, cyane cyane iyo sisitemu isanzweho ikiri nto, ikibazo kigaragara ko gishingiye ku gice kimwe, kandi ikiguzi cyo gusana kiri munsi ya 30% by'igisimburwa. Muri ibyo bihe, gusana ku buryo bugamije inyungu birumvikana.

Ariko niba ubonye ibimenyetso byinshi muri iyi nkuru, cyane cyane ikimenyetso cya 2 cyangwa kirenzeho, igisubizo gikunze kuba ari ugusimbuza. Ibi bimenyetso ntibikunze kubaho ukwabyo. Biteranya. Iyo ubonye guteranya, uba ureba sisitemu yegereje iherezo ry'ubuzima mu bice bitandukanye by'umubiri.

Ku bijyanye na Yining Hydraulic

Yining Hydraulic (意宁液压股份有限公司) imaze gukora ibyuma bikingira amashanyarazi byo mu mazi kuva mu 2003. Ibikoresho byayo bya IYM Series na IYJ Series bishobora gusobanurwa ku bisabwa mu mikorere yo mu mazi no mu nyanja, harimo no gusuzuma ishyirwa mu byiciro aho bikenewe. Abaguzi bagomba kwemeza ibisabwa mu mishinga ya DNV, CCS, BV, ISO, cyangwa mu cyiciro cy’ubwato mu gihe cya RFQ no kwemeza.

Niba urimo gusuzuma niba ugomba gusana cyangwa gusimbuza sisitemu yawe ya hydraulic winch winch, Yining Hydraulic ishobora gutanga isuzuma rya tekiniki. Hari igihe bivuze gutanga inama ku buryo bushya. Hari igihe bivuze kwemeza ko gusana ku ntego bifite ishingiro. Uko byagenda kose, intego ni ugushyigikira icyemezo gikwiye ubwato bwawe, abakozi, n'imikorere yabwo.

Hamagara Yining Hydraulic kugira ngo urebe niba hari isuzuma ry'urukuta rw'ingufu rukoreshwa mu gufunga insinga.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni kangahe nkwiye guhindura amavuta ya hydraulic muri sisitemu yanjye y'urukiramende?

Ku bintu byinshi byo mu mazi, amavuta yo mu mazi ahindurwa buri masaha 2.000 cyangwa buri mwaka, icyo ari cyo cyose kiza mbere. Ariko, igihe gikwiye giterwa n'igitabo cy'amabwiriza y'uruganda, ibisubizo by'isesengura ry'amavuta, aho imikorere ibera, n'igihe cy'akazi k'ubwato. Iyo umwanda ugarutse vuba nyuma yo guhindura amavuta, icyo ni ikimenyetso cy'umwanda mu mubiri aho kuba gahunda isanzwe yo kuwutunganya.

Ni ibihe biteganyijwe ko icyuma gifata insinga y'amazi yo mu mazi gishobora gukora?

Iyo habayeho kwitabwaho neza, icyuma gifata insinga cyakozwe neza gishobora gutanga serivisi yizewe mu gihe cy'imyaka 8-15. Sisitemu zigaragaza ibimenyetso byinshi byo kwangirika mbere y'imyaka umunani zishobora kuba zifite ibibazo by'imiterere, imikorere, cyangwa kubungabunga bigomba gusuzumwa mbere y'uko amafaranga yo gusana akoreshwa.

Ese nshobora gukoresha icyuma cyanjye gifunga feri gifite sisitemu yangiritse mu bikorwa by'agateganyo?

Oya. Feri ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'umutekano. Gukoresha sisitemu ya feri yangiritse, cyane cyane iyo idakora ibizamini by'ubushobozi, nta mutekano utezwe n'igihe iyo ikoreshwa ryaba ari iry'igihe gito. Ibibazo by'feri bigomba gukemurwa mbere yo kuyikoresha.

Itandukaniro riri hagati yo gusana no gusimbuza ni irihe?

Ikiguzi cyo gusana kiratandukanye cyane bitewe n'ikibazo. Ikiguzi cyo gusimbuza sisitemu yo gukurura imashini ikoreshwa mu mazi gishobora gutandukana cyane bitewe n'imbaraga zo gukurura, ubushobozi bw'ingoma, imiterere ya feri, imiterere y'imashini ikoresha amashanyarazi, sisitemu yo kugenzura, ubushobozi bwo kwemeza, n'ibisabwa mu gushyiraho ubwato. Koresha itegeko rya 40% nk'intangiriro ifatika: niba gusana birengeje 40% by'ikiguzi cyo gusimbuza, gusimbuza bikwiye kwitabwaho cyane.

Ese mutanga serivisi zo gusuzuma aho ibikorwa bigeze?

Yining Hydraulic ishobora gushyigikira isuzuma rya tekiniki hashingiwe ku bisabwa ku bwato, amafoto, ibishushanyo, amakuru y’imikorere, n’amateka ya serivisi. Kugira ngo abaguzi bashobore kugenzura aho ubwato buherereye, bagomba kuvugana n’ikigo mu buryo butaziguye bakababwira aho ubwato buherereye, imiterere ya winch, ibimenyetso bihari, n’ibipimo ngenderwaho bisabwa mu gushyira mu byiciro.