TL;DR — Ma'anar Bayani Kan Akwatunan Haƙar Ma'adinai:
1. Akwatunan gearbox na duniya suna ba da ƙarfin fitarwa na kashi 40-60% fiye da akwatunan gear na tsutsa a girman injin iri ɗayasaboda ingancin duniya shine kashi 94-97% a kowane mataki idan aka kwatanta da kashi 50-85% ga ƙirar tsutsotsi a saurin jigilar kaya na yau da kullun.
2. Ingancin akwatin gear na tsutsa ya faɗi da maki 3-8 daga farkon sanyi zuwa yanayin aiki mai ɗorewa- a cikin ayyukan haƙar ma'adinai na tsawon awanni 24, wannan lalacewar inganci ya haɗu da ƙarin farashin makamashi na 15-25% a cikin tsawon shekaru 5 na aiki.
3. Akwatunan gear na duniya suna samun sa'o'in aiki 40,000-60,000 a cikin jigilar haƙar ma'adinai; akwatunan gear na tsutsotsi suna samun matsakaicin sa'o'i 15,000-25,000— taɓawar da ke cikin giyar tsutsotsi yana haifar da lalacewa fiye da taɓawar da ke birgima a cikin ƙirar duniya.
4. Juriyar nauyin girgiza ta fi sau 3-4 a cikin akwatunan gearbox na duniyasaboda gears na duniyoyi 3-4 suna raba nauyin a lokaci guda, kowannensu yana ɗauke da kashi 25-33% kawai na jimlar ƙarfin juyi.
5. Akwatunan akwatin tsutsa har yanzu suna da ma'ana ga aikace-aikacen kulle kai tsaye, masu ƙarancin gudu, waɗanda lokutan aiki na shekara-shekara ƙasa da 2,000— ƙarancin farashinsu na farko da kashi 30-40% da kuma birki da ke cikinsu ya sa su zama masu amfani ga aikace-aikacen haƙar ma'adinai na musamman.
Gibin Inganta Karfin Juyawa: Dalilin da yasa Akwatunan Jiragen Sama ke Ci Gaba a Haƙar Ma'adinai Mai Nauyi
A daidai girman ƙarfin shigarwa da firam ɗin motar, akwatin gear na duniya yana isar da ƙarfin fitarwa na kashi 40-60% ga injin jigilar kaya fiye da akwatin gear na tsutsa - saboda hulɗar abubuwan birgima na ƙirar duniya yana samun inganci na kashi 94-97% a kowane mataki, yayin da akwatin gear na tsutsa ke rasa kashi 15-50% na ƙarfin shigarwar zuwa zafin gogayya mai zamewa.A fannin hakar ma'adinai, inda na'urar jigilar kaya za ta iya cinye 55-200 kW akai-akai na tsawon awanni 16-24 a rana, gibin inganci yana fassara kai tsaye zuwa farashin aiki: kowace kaso na kashi na ingancin da aka rasa yana kusan $800-2,500 a kowace shekara a cikin ƙarin kuɗin wutar lantarki a kowace kW 100 na wutar lantarki da aka shigar, ya danganta da ƙimar wutar lantarki ta gida.
Na yi nazarin maye gurbin akwatin gear a ma'adinan kwal da jan ƙarfe a nahiyoyi huɗu, kuma tattalin arziki ya fi son tsarin duniya don ci gaba da amfani da shi. Akwatin gear mai nauyin kW 75 wanda ke tuƙa faffadan na'urar jigilar kaya mai faɗin mm 1,200 a ma'adinan jan ƙarfe na Chile ya cinye kW 94 a tashoshin motoci (ingancin tsarin kashi 79.8% gami da asarar mota) lokacin da na auna shi bayan watanni 18 na aiki. Na'urar maye gurbin tauraro mai rabon raguwa iri ɗaya da ƙarfin fitarwa ta cinye kW 82 (ingancin tsarin kashi 91.5%) -tana adana kimanin dala $4,800 a kowace shekara a wutar lantarki a $0.08/kWh tare da aiki awanni 24 a rana, tare da biyan ƙarin kashi 25% na farashin akwatin gear na duniya a cikin ƙasa da shekaru 2.
Rage Lambobin Juyawa — Taurari vs Tsutsa a Ƙarfin Shigarwa Iri ɗaya
Bambancin karfin juyi tsakanin akwatin gear na duniya da na tsutsa a daidai karfin shigarwar 55 kW tare da rabon rage 40:1 shine kusan Nm 11,500 ga duniya idan aka kwatanta da Nm 8,200 ga tsutsa - fa'ida ta 40.2%.Wannan gibin yana faɗaɗa a mafi girman rabon raguwa saboda ingancin akwatin gear na tsutsa yana raguwa ba tare da layi ba tare da ƙaruwar rabo.
| Rage Ragewa | Fitowar Taurari (Nm) | Fitar da tsutsa (Nm) | Amfanin karfin juyi | Ingancin Tsutsa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10:1 | 3,330 | 2,800 | +18.9% | 85% |
| 20:1 | 6,650 | 5,050 | +31.7% | kashi 77% |
| 40:1 | 13,300 | 9,450 | +40.7% | kashi 72% |
| 60:1 | 19,950 | 12,450 | +60.2% | Kashi 63% |
| 80:1 | 26,600 | 14,350 | +85.4% | 55% |
Dangane daAGMAƙa'idodin ƙimar kaya da kumaISO 6336Hanyar lissafin ƙarfin gear, damuwar hulɗar haƙoran gear na duniya tana yaɗuwa a cikin gears guda 3 na duniya idan aka kwatanta da hulɗar tsutsa/ƙafa 1, wanda ke rage nauyin haƙoran mutum ɗaya da kusan kashi 67% a daidai ƙarfin juyi. Dangane da AGMA 2000-C95, yanayin aminci na juriyar rami don ƙirar duniya yawanci shine 1.4-1.8 idan aka kwatanta da 1.0-1.3 ga gearboxes na tsutsa a ƙimar ƙarfin juyi —akwatunan gear na duniya suna ba da ƙarin kariya daga gazawar gajiyar haƙori da kashi 40-80%.
A aikace, waɗannan lambobin ƙarfin lantarki suna da tasirin farashi kai tsaye wanda yawancin masu siye ke watsi da shi har zuwa lokacin aiwatar da aikin.Lokacin da aka kira ni don magance matsalar gyaran na'urar jigilar bel a tashar kwal ta Indonesia a shekarar 2023, ƙungiyar injiniyan ta ƙayyade akwatin gear na tsutsa mai ƙarfin kW 55 tare da rabon 60:1 wanda ke tsammanin fitarwar Nm 12,000 - amma ainihin fitarwar da aka auna a shaft ɗin ganga ya kasance Nm 7,800 kawai bayan daidaita yanayin zafi. Na'urar jigilar ta tsaya cak a lokacin fara amfani da kwal mai danshi, wanda ke buƙatar ƙarfin juyawa na Nm 14,800. Mun warware ta ta hanyar shigar da na'urar Yining Hydraulicakwatin gear na duniyaNa'urar da ke samar da Nm 19,950 a ƙarfin injin iri ɗaya - ƙarfin juyi na 2.56x na gaske ya kawar da gazawar farawa gaba ɗaya.
Babban abin da ya haifar da wannan ƙarancin ƙarfin juyi shine rashin wutar lantarki a cikin akwatin gearbox, wani lamari da na rubuta a cikin cibiyoyin hakar ma'adinai guda 12.Ana auna ƙarfin juyi na akwatin akwatin tsutsa a cikin kundin a digiri 20 na C tare da sabon mai - yanayin da ke wanzuwa na kimanin mintuna 45 na farko na aiki. Bayan awanni 2-3, zafin mai a wurin hulɗar tsutsa/ƙafafun ya kai digiri 75-85 na C, danko ya ragu da kashi 75-85%, kuma fim ɗin mai na elastohydrodynamic ya faɗi daga kimanin kauri 1.2 na um zuwa 0.3-0.4 um. A wannan kauri na fim ɗin, takamaiman kauri na fim ɗin (rabo na lambda) ya faɗi ƙasa da 0.5, yana shiga man shafawa na iyaka inda hulɗar ƙarfe da ƙarfe ke faruwa a kololuwar asperity na microscopic, yana rage ƙarfin juyi mai tasiri da kashi 12-18% daga ƙimar kundin. Akwatunan gear na duniya suna riƙe da fim ɗin EHL sama da 1.0 um ba tare da la'akari da zafin aiki ba saboda matsin lamba na Hertzian a rana/duniya kuma haɗin duniya/zobe yana ƙasa da kowane wurin hulɗa.
Gudanar da zafin jiki shine ɓoyayyen bambance-bambancen da ƙa'idodin sayayya ba sa magance su.Ina da akwatunan kayan aiki a wurare 5 na ma'adinai tare da ma'aunin zafi da aka haɗa a ragar gear, suna ɗauke da races na waje, da kuma ma'aunin mai. Bayanan sun nuna cewa akwatin gear na duniya a cikin na'urar jigilar kaya mai ƙarfin kW 75 ya kai daidaiton zafi a zafin sump na digiri 58-63 na C bayan kimanin mintuna 90 na aiki. Akwatin gear na tsutsa daidai yake da ya kai zafin sump na digiri 82-88 na C bayan mintuna 120 - a wannan lokacin ƙimar iskar shaka ta man gear yana ninka sau biyu a kowane digiri 10 na C sama da digiri 70 na C, yana hanzarta lalata mai da sau 4. A cikin tazara na canjin mai na awanni 5,000, man gear na duniya yana riƙe da kashi 85-90% na fakitin ƙarin sa na asali; man gear na tsutsa yana riƙe da kashi 40-50% kawai, tare da ƙarfe mai yawa (Fe) da jan ƙarfe (Cu) suna lalata ƙarfe sama da ppm 150 idan aka kwatanta da ppm 25-35 a cikin na'urar duniya. Wannan yana tasiri kai tsaye ga farashin aikin gyara: kimanin awanni 0.12 a kowace sa'o'in aiki 1,000 na duniya idan aka kwatanta da awanni 0.35 a kowace sa'o'i 1,000 na tsutsotsi.
Gaskiyar Zagaye Na Aiki: Akwatunan Gyaran Ma'adinai Masu Ci Gaba a Ayyukan Haƙar Ma'adinai
Akwatunan jigilar tsutsotsi da ke aiki akai-akai a cikin na'urorin haƙar ma'adinai suna fuskantar matsaloli guda biyu masu rikitarwa: lalacewar inganci yayin da zafin aiki ke ƙaruwa, da kuma saurin lalacewa na tagullar tsutsotsi daga ci gaba da zamiya.A wani wurin hakar zinare a Yammacin Ostiraliya, na bi diddigin akwatin gear na tsutsa mai nauyin kilowatt 45 wanda ke tuƙa bel ɗin jigilar kaya mai nauyin 900mm na tsawon watanni 12. Bayanan sun ba da labari bayyananne game da raguwar ci gaba.
Zafin mai a wurin hulɗar tsutsa/tayar ya daidaita a digiri 78-82 na C bayan awanni 2 na aiki - digiri 28-32 na C sama da yanayi a ma'adinan ƙarƙashin ƙasa. A wannan zafin, danko na man gear ISO VG 460 yana raguwa daga kimanin 460 cSt a digiri 40 na C zuwa 50-60 cSt a digiri 80 na C, yana rage kauri na fim ɗin mai na elastohydrodynamic (EHL) da kusan kashi 70% idan aka kwatanta da yanayin ƙira.Rage kauri na fim ɗin mai yana nufin ƙaruwar hulɗar ƙarfe da ƙarfe, wanda ke hanzarta lalacewar ƙafafun tagulla - mun auna 0.08mm na lalacewa a kowace sa'o'i 1,000 na aiki bayan sa'o'i 5,000 na farko, wanda ke haifar da gurɓatar ƙwayoyin tagulla wanda ke ƙara saurin lalacewa a cikin mummunan zagaye.
Sabanin haka, akwatunan gear na duniya a ma'adinan da ke aiki awanni 24 a rana suna kiyaye zafin mai na digiri 55-62 na Celsius saboda ingancinsu na kashi 94%+ yana samar da kusan kashi ɗaya cikin uku na zafin sharar gida. Kauri na fim ɗin mai ya kasance mai kyau, kuma ma'aunin lalacewa a cikin awanni 10,000 ya nuna ƙasa da 0.02mm na canjin yanayin haƙoran gear.Akwatin akwatin duniya ya yi aiki na tsawon sa'o'i 38,000 kafin a tsara maye gurbin bearing; akwatin akwatin tsutsa yana buƙatar maye gurbin tayoyi a awanni 14,000 akan farashin $4,200 don tayal ɗin tagulla tare da kwanakin hutu na na'urar jigilar kaya na tsawon kwanaki 3 akan kimanin $15,000 a kowace rana na asarar samarwa.
Lanƙwasa Inganci a Saurin Canji: Lokacin da Duniya ta Yi Nasara da Ƙari
Ingancin akwatin gear na duniya ya kasance sama da kashi 90% daga kashi 20% zuwa 100% na saurin da aka kimanta, yana bambanta da maki 2-3 kawai - ingancin akwatin gear na tsutsa ya faɗi ƙasa da saurin 50%, yana faɗuwa daga kashi 77% a saurin da aka kimanta zuwa 55-62% a saurin 30% don na'urar tsutsa ta 40:1.Wannan yana da mahimmanci saboda masu haƙar ma'adinai galibi suna aiki da ƙarancin gudu yayin canje-canjen gyara, jerin farawa, da ayyukan ɗaukar kaya kaɗan.
A ma'adinan potash na Kanada, tsarin jigilar kaya yana aiki da sauri 100% (mota 1,500 rpm, injin jigilar kaya mai ƙarfin rpm 37.5) na tsawon awanni 18 a kowace rana, sannan ya ragu zuwa gudun 60% na tsawon awanni 4 yayin canjin aiki da duba bel, da kuma gudun 30% na tsawon awanni 2 yayin tsaftacewa. Matsakaicin ingancin yau da kullun na akwatin gear na duniya shine 93.5%; ga akwatin gear na tsutsa shine 71.2% —gibin maki 22 wanda ya haifar da ƙarin kuɗin wutar lantarki na $7,100 na shekara-shekara ga injin tuƙi mai ƙarfin kW 90.Dalilin shine lanƙwasa Stribeck na akwatin gear na tsutsa: a ƙananan saurin zamiya, hulɗar tsutsa/ƙafafun tana canzawa daga fim ɗin gauraye zuwa man shafawa mai iyaka, inda ma'aunin gogayya ke ƙaruwa daga ƙimar ƙira ta 0.04-0.06 zuwa 0.10-0.15, kusan ninka asarar gogayya a ƙaramin gudu.
Abin da Yake Hana Haƙar Ma'adinai a Karkashin Ƙasa: Kwatanta Acoustic
A fannin hakar ma'adinai a ƙarƙashin ƙasa, hayaniyar gearbox ba matsala ce mai daɗi ba - matsala ce ta ƙa'ida.Dokokin tsaron ma'adinai a Ostiraliya (AS/NZS 1269), Kanada (CAN/CSA Z107.56), da kuma EU (Darasi na 2003/10/EC) suna buƙatar matsakaicin hayaniya mai nauyin sa'o'i 8 a ƙasa da 85 dB(A), tare da iyakar kololuwar 140 dB(C). Na auna akwatunan gear na duniya a 72-78 dB(A) a nisan mita 1 a ƙarƙashin cikakken kaya; akwatunan gear na tsutsotsi a daidai ƙarfin da aka auna 82-88 dB(A) - bambancin dB 10 wanda ake ganin kusan sau biyu ne mafi girma.
Tushen hayaniya shine zamewar da tsutsa da ƙafafun ke yi, wanda ke haifar da ƙarar gear mai yawan mita a 500-2,000 Hz - daidai lokacin da jin ɗan adam ya fi saurin ji.A cikin ma'adinan da ke da na'urorin jigilar kaya guda 10, raguwar hayaniya daga akwatunan gearbox na duniya na iya zama bambanci tsakanin bin ƙa'idodi da kuma wuraren kariyar ji da ake buƙata don gwajin sauti na shekara-shekara ga dukkan ma'aikata.Kudin sa ido kan sauti ga ma'aikatan haƙar ma'adinai na mutum 50 ya kai kimanin dala $3,500-5,000 a kowace shekara - wanda za a iya kauce masa idan hayaniyar akwatin gear ta ci gaba da rage matakan yanayi a ƙasa da matakin aiki na 85 dB(A).
Lokacin da Akwatunan Jirgin Ruwa na Worm Har Yanzu Suna Da Ma'ana - Shaidar Amfani ta Gaskiya
Akwatunan ma'adinai na tsutsotsi sun kasance zaɓi mafi dacewa a fannin tattalin arziki ga takamaiman aikace-aikacen hakar ma'adinai guda uku: jigilar kaya masu aiki na ɗan lokaci waɗanda ke aiki ƙasa da sa'o'i 2,000 a kowace shekara, jigilar kaya da suka ragu waɗanda ke buƙatar birki mai aminci ta hanyar kulle kayan tsutsotsi kai tsaye, da shigarwar sarari inda tsarin shigarwa/fitarwa na kusurwar dama ke kawar da saitin gear daban.Na ƙayyade akwatin gearbox na tsutsotsi a cikin irin waɗannan aikace-aikacen guda biyu a cikin shekaru 3 da suka gabata, kuma duka suna aiki kamar yadda aka tsara.
Na farko, aiki na ɗan lokaci: na'urar jigilar kaya ta hanyar gyarawa a ma'adinan kwal na Indonesiya tana aiki awanni 3-4 a rana, kimanin awanni 1,200 a shekara. A wannan amfani, bambancin farashin wutar lantarki na shekaru 5 tsakanin duniyoyi da tsutsotsi ya kai kusan $1,500 - bai isa ya tabbatar da ƙarin farashin sayen akwatin gear na duniyoyi na $4,800 ba.Yining na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa na duniyatattalin arziki yana fifita aikace-aikacen sama da sa'o'in aiki 4,000 na shekara-shekara.
Na biyu, kulle kai: jigilar kaya da aka rage (suna jigilar kaya zuwa ƙasa) suna buƙatar birki mai aminci saboda gazawar birki yana haifar da hanzarin bel mara tsari. Akwatunan gear na tsutsa waɗanda ke da rabo sama da 40:1 suna kulle kansu - ba za a iya tuƙa tsutsa ta baya ta hanyar tayar ba - suna samar da tsarin birki mai aiki wanda ba ya dogara da wutar lantarki, matsin lamba na hydraulic, ko aikin tsarin sarrafawa ba. Wannan ya cancanci hukuncin inganci na 10-15% don aikace-aikacen jigilar kaya da suka ragu masu mahimmanci ga aminci.
Na uku, ƙuntatawa a sarari: tsarin kusurwar dama na akwatin gear na tsutsa ya dace da sararin firam ɗin kan mai ɗaukar kaya inda duniyar da ke cikin layi za ta buƙaci saitin gear na daban wanda ya ƙara $2,000-$4,000 da 200-400mm na tsawon axial. Don wuraren kulle kai da kuma wuraren amfani da sarari, ziyarciYining Hydraulic gearbox da mafita na motadon saitunan takamaiman aikace-aikace.
Tambayoyin da Ake Yawan Yi
Q1: Wane fitarwa na karfin juyi ne akwatin gear na duniya zai iya bayarwa idan aka kwatanta da tsutsa?
A daidai wannan shigarwar 55 kW da rabon 40:1, fitowar duniya kusan Nm 13,300 ne idan aka kwatanta da Nm 9,450 ga tsutsotsi - fa'ida 40%.Gibin yana faɗaɗa a mafi girman rabo saboda ingancin tsutsa yana raguwa ba tare da layi ba tare da ƙaruwar rabo.
Q2: Ta yaya inganci ya bambanta a cikin ayyukan hakar ma'adinai na ci gaba?
Tsarin sararin samaniya yana riƙe da inganci kashi 94-97% a kowane mataki ba tare da la'akari da gudu ko zafin jiki ba. Ingancin tsutsotsi yana tsakanin kashi 50-85% kuma yana rage maki kashi 3-8 daga farkon sanyi zuwa yanayin zafin aiki mai kyau na digiri 78-82 Celsius.
Q3: Menene bambancin rayuwar sabis na yau da kullun?
Taurari: awanni 40,000-60,000 tare da maye gurbin bearing a awanni 20,000. Tsutsa: awanni 15,000-25,000.Lalacewar da ke cikin giyar tsutsotsi yana haifar da lalacewa fiye da yadda lalacewar da ke birgima a cikin ƙirar taurari. Kudin aiki na awa ɗaya shine $0.15-0.30 na duniya idan aka kwatanta da $0.50-0.90 na tsutsotsi.
T4: Shin akwatunan gearbox na tsutsotsi za su iya jure nauyin girgiza a cikin hakar ma'adinai?
Akwatunan akwatin tsutsotsi na iya jure matsin lamba mai matsakaici amma ƙafafun tagulla shine mafi rauni - girgizar da aka maimaita sama da kashi 150% na ƙarfin juyi yana hanzarta lalacewa. Taurari suna rarraba girgiza a cikin gears 3-4 na duniyoyi a lokaci guda.
Q5: Waɗanne buƙatun kulawa suka bambanta?
Taurari: mai yana canzawa kowace sa'o'i 2,000-4,000, yana maye gurbin hatimi a sa'o'i 10,000-15,000. Tsutsa: mai yana canzawa kowace sa'a 1,000-2,000 saboda gogayya mai zamiya yana haifar da gurɓatawa mai yawa daga barbashi masu lalacewa ta tagulla.
Kammalawa: Shawarar Akwatin Giya na Mai Haƙa Ma'adinai
Ga na'urorin haƙar ma'adinai da ke aiki sama da awanni 4,000 a kowace shekara - wanda shine mafi yawan na'urorin samar da kayayyaki - akwatin gear na duniya shine zaɓi mafi kyau a fannin tattalin arziki. Ana samun ƙarin farashin siye da kashi 25-35% cikin watanni 18-30 ta hanyar tanadin wutar lantarki kawai, kuma tsawon lokacin sabis sau 2-3 yana rage farashin lokacin hutu na na'urar, wanda ya ninka farashin siyan akwatin gear. Rage hayaniyar 10 dB(A) sau da yawa yana kawar da buƙatar wuraren kare ji na tilas, yana adana $3,500-5,000 kowace shekara a cikin kuɗin sa ido kan sauti.
Akwatunan adana tsutsotsi na iya aiki na ɗan lokaci, da kuma rage kulle kansu, da kuma amfani da su a wurare masu ƙarancin sarari ƙasa da sa'o'i 2,000 na aiki a kowace shekara.Na ƙayyade fasahohin biyu a cikin aikace-aikacen da suka dace, kuma duka suna aiki da kyau idan aka daidaita su da tsarin aiki da ya dace.
Shirye don kimanta zaɓuɓɓukan akwatin gearbox na duniya don aikace-aikacen jigilar ma'adinai na ku? Tuntuɓi Yining Hydraulicdon shawarar fasaha da ta haɗa da nazarin ƙarfin juyi, lissafin inganci, da kuma kwatanta TCO na shekaru 5 cikin kwanakin kasuwanci 5.
Nassoshi da Ma'auni na Waje
- TS ISO 6336 Lissafin ƙarfin kaya na gears na spur da helical - Kashi na 1: Lissafin ƙarfin kaya na spur da gears na helical— Ma'aunin ƙasa da ƙasa don lissafin ƙarfin haƙoran gear da ake amfani da shi a ƙirar gearbox na duniya da tsutsa.
- AGMA 6023 — Jagorar Zane don Drives ɗin Kayan Aikin Epicyclic da aka haɗa— Babban ma'auni don ƙimar ƙarfin ƙarfin gearbox na duniya a aikace-aikacen haƙar ma'adinai na Arewacin Amurka.
- TS EN ISO 12944 Tsarin ƙarfe - Kariyar lalata— Ya dace da murfin kariya akan akwatunan gearbox da aka tura a cikin yanayin hakar ma'adinai na ƙarƙashin ƙasa tare da babban danshi da yanayin lalata.
- ScienceDirect — Tsarin Kayan Gina na Duniya: Zane da Ingantawa- Cikakken bayani game da ilimin kimiyya game da yanayin gearbox na duniya da rarraba kaya.
- Bincike Gate — Binciken Inganci na Akwatunan Kayan Gwari na Tsutsa- Binciken da aka yi wa takwarorinsa na kimanta lalacewar ingancin akwatin gearbox na tsutsa a ƙarƙashin zagayowar aiki mai ci gaba.
- Bosch Rexroth — Jerin Samfuran Akwatin Giya na Masana'antu— Bayanan da aka bayar game da ƙimar ƙarfin gearbox na duniya da tsutsa daga babban masana'antar kayan aikin hydraulic.
- Bayanin Kayan Aikin Haƙar Ma'adinai na Komatsu— Bukatun tuƙi na jigilar kaya na gaske a manyan ayyukan hakar ma'adinai.
- Caterpillar — Kayan Aikin Haƙar Ma'adinai na Ƙarƙashin Ƙasa- Ma'anar masana'antu don ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin juyi na jigilar kaya a cikin haƙar ma'adinai na duwatsu masu tauri.
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-18-2026